However, James opposed his son-in-law's takeover of Bohemia from the Habsburgs and Frederick's allies in the Protestant Union failed to support him militarily by signing the Treaty of Ulm. The estates chose Frederick because he was the leader of the Protestant Union, a military alliance founded by his father, and hoped for the support of Frederick's father-in-law, James VI of Scotland and I of England. He accepted the offer and was crowned on 4 November 1619, as Frederick I. Frederick was asked to assume the crown of Bohemia. In 1618 the largely Protestant Czech nobility of Bohemia rebelled against their Catholic king, Ferdinand II, beginning a conflict that would become the Thirty Years' War. An intellectual, a mystic, and a Calvinist, he succeeded his father as Prince-Elector of the Rhenish Palatinate in 1610, and at the age of 17 was married to the Protestant princess Elizabeth Stuart. He was the son of Frederick IV and of Louise Juliana of Orange-Nassau, the daughter of William the Silent and Charlotte de Bourbon-Montpensier. He was forced to abdicate both roles, and the brevity of his reign in Bohemia earned him the derisive sobriquet " the Winter King" ( Czech: Zimní král German: Winterkönig).įrederick was born at the hunting lodge ( German: Jagdschloss) in Deinschwang, Palatinate (present-day Lauterhofen, Germany). Henry Frederick, Electoral Prince of the Palatinateįrederick V (German: Friedrich 26 August 1596 – 29 November 1632) was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine in the Holy Roman Empire from 1610 to 1623, and reigned as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620.
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